Adult Cervical Dystonia Dosing and Dilution - Dysport® (abobotulinumtoxinA)

Adult Cervical Dystonia Dosing & Dilution

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Recommended Doses

Clear dosing recommendations

Dysport has clear dosing guidelines to help you inject approved muscles with appropriate doses¹

In adult cervical dystonia, doses up to Dysport 1000 Units (divided among affected muscles) injected intramuscularly were systematically evaluated¹
- The recommended initial dose is Dysport 500 Units given intramuscularly as a divided dose among affected muscles
- Titrate in 250-Unit steps according to patient’s response
Select dose based on muscles affected, severity of muscle spasticity, prior response, and adverse reaction history following treatment with Dysport¹
Retreatment, based on return of clinical symptoms, should occur no sooner than 12 weeks after the previous injection

Dysport has dosing recommendations for muscles in these key cervical dystonia postures^1,7,*:

Dysport has dosing recommendations

*Not actual patients. Doses up to Dysport 1000 Units (divided among affected muscles) were systemically evaluated. The recommended initial dose is Dysport 500 Units with titration in 250-Unit steps according to the patient’s response.

^†Median dose: Dysport 125 Units.

Dosing considerations for the sternocleidomastoid (SCM) muscle: Limiting the dose injected unilaterally into the SCM to Dysport 150 Units or less may reduce the occurrence of dysphagia.

Dilution & Reconstitution

Recommended dilution options¹

For adult cervical dystonia

For other dilution options, refer to Table 1: Dilution Instructions for Dysport Vials (500 and 300 Units) in package insert Section 2.2: Preparation of Dysport Solution for Administration¹

*Sterile, preservative-free 0.9% Sodium Chloride Injection, USP.

Dysport potency units are not interchangeable with other botulinum toxin products.

Reconstitution and injection checklist

Using a sterile syringe, needle, and aseptic technique, draw up the appropriate amount of diluent.*
Insert the needle into the vial. The partial vacuum will begin to pull the diluent into the Dysport vial. Do not use the Dysport vial if no vacuum is observed.
Swirl gently to dissolve. The reconstituted solution should be clear, colorless, and free of particulate matter.
Draw the required patient dose of Dysport into a sterile syringe and dilute with additional diluent, if required, to achieve the final volume for injection.
Expel any air bubbles in the syringe barrel. Remove the needle used to reconstitute the product and attach an appropriately sized new sterile needle to administer the injection.
Inject into target muscle(s) within 24 hours of reconstitution. Dysport should be used for only one injection session and for only one patient after reconstitution.

*Sterile, preservative-free 0.9% Sodium Chloride Injection, USP.

Once reconstituted:

Dysport should be used for only one injection session and for only one patient.
Dysport should be stored in the original container, in a refrigerator at 2°C to 8°C (36°F to 46°F), protected from light for up to 24 hours. It must be discarded if not used within 24 hours.
Do not freeze reconstituted Dysport.
Discard the vial and needle in accordance with local regulations.

Reconstitution instructions are specific for the 300-Unit and 500-Unit vials.

Reconstituted Dysport is for intramuscular injection only.

Training

Whether you are new to adult cervical dystonia management, thinking about trying Dysport, or looking for a refresher, take your injection expertise to the next level with the following resources:

C.L.I.M.B.^® is a multitier learning continuum designed to accommodate physicians new to and experienced with botulinum toxin therapy. The C.L.I.M.B. program includes on-demand peer-to-peer programs to discuss dosing and reconstitution as well as patient selection for adult cervical dystonia. Be sure to visit CLIMB-training.com often to check for new content and updates.

See eligibility criteria at www.CLIMB-training.com

Cervical Dystonia Dosing and Dilution Webinar With Richard Trosch, MD

Additional Resources

Interested in adding your practice to our Dysport Doctor Locator directory or updating your listing?

Visit CLIMB.training.com

Learn more about Adult Cervical Dystonia

Support Efficacy Safety

IMPORTANT SAFETY INFORMATION

WARNING: DISTANT SPREAD OF TOXIN EFFECT

Postmarketing reports indicate that the effects of DYSPORT and all botulinum toxin products may spread from the area of injection to produce symptoms consistent with botulinum toxin effects. These may include asthenia, generalized muscle weakness, diplopia, blurred vision, ptosis, dysphagia, dysphonia, dysarthria, urinary incontinence and breathing difficulties. These symptoms have been reported hours to weeks after injection. Swallowing and breathing difficulties can be life threatening and there have been reports of death. The risk of symptoms is probably greatest in children treated for spasticity but symptoms can also occur in adults treated for spasticity and other conditions, particularly in those patients who have underlying conditions that would predispose them to these symptoms. In unapproved uses and in approved indications, cases of spread of effect have been reported at doses comparable to or lower than the maximum recommended total dose.

Contraindications

DYSPORT is contraindicated in patients with known hypersensitivity to any botulinum toxin products, cow’s milk protein, or to any of the components in the formulation, or infection at the proposed injection site(s). Serious hypersensitivity reactions including anaphylaxis, serum sickness, urticaria, soft tissue edema, and dyspnea have been reported. If such a serious reaction occurs, discontinue DYSPORT and institute appropriate medical therapy immediately.

Warnings and Precautions

Lack of Interchangeability Between Botulinum Toxin Product

The potency Units of DYSPORT are specific to the preparation and assay method utilized. They are not interchangeable with other preparations of botulinum toxin products and, therefore, units of biological activity of DYSPORT cannot be compared to or converted into units of any other botulinum toxin products assessed with any other specific assay method.

Dysphagia and Breathing Difficulties

Treatment with DYSPORT and other botulinum toxin products can result in swallowing or breathing difficulties. Patients with pre-existing swallowing or breathing difficulties may be more susceptible to these complications. In most cases, this is a consequence of weakening of muscles in the area of injection that are involved in breathing or swallowing. When distant effects occur, additional respiratory muscles may be involved. Deaths as a complication of severe dysphagia have been reported after treatment with botulinum toxin. Dysphagia may persist for several weeks and require use of a feeding tube to maintain adequate nutrition and hydration. Aspiration may result from severe dysphagia and is a particular risk when treating patients in whom swallowing or respiratory function is already compromised. Treatment of cervical dystonia with botulinum toxins may weaken accessory muscles of ventilation, which may result in a critical loss of breathing capacity in patients with respiratory disorders who may have become dependent upon these muscles. Patients treated with botulinum toxin may require immediate medical attention should they develop problems with swallowing, speech, or respiratory disorders. These reactions can occur within hours to weeks after injection with botulinum toxin.

Pre-existing Neuromuscular Disorder

Individuals with peripheral motor neuropathic diseases, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, or neuromuscular junction disorders (e.g., myasthenia gravis or Lambert-Eaton syndrome) should be monitored particularly closely when given botulinum toxin. Patients with neuromuscular disorders may be at increased risk of clinically significant effects including severe dysphagia and respiratory compromise from typical doses of DYSPORT.

Human Albumin and Transmission of Viral Disease

This product contains albumin, a derivative of human blood. Based on effective donor screening and product manufacturing processes, it carries an extremely remote risk for transmission of viral diseases and variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (vCJD). There is a theoretical risk for transmission of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD), but if that risk actually exists, the risk of transmission would also be considered extremely remote. No cases of transmission of viral diseases, vCJD, or CJD have ever been identified for licensed albumin or albumin contained in other licensed products.

Intradermal Immune Reaction

The possibility of an immune reaction when injected intradermally is unknown. The safety of DYSPORT for the treatment of hyperhidrosis has not been established. DYSPORT is approved only for intramuscular injection.

Adverse Reactions

The most common adverse reactions (≥4%) in adults with upper limb spasticity include muscular weakness; in adults with lower limb spasticity (≥5%)
include falls, muscular weakness, and pain in extremity
The most common adverse reactions (≥10%) in pediatric patients with upper limb spasticity include upper respiratory tract infection and pharyngitis; in
pediatric patients with lower limb spasticity include nasopharyngitis, cough, and pyrexia
The most common adverse reactions (≥5%) in adults with cervical dystonia include muscular weakness, dysphagia, dry mouth, injection site discomfort,
fatigue, headache, musculoskeletal pain, dysphonia, injection site pain, and eye disorders

Drug Interactions

Co-administration of DYSPORT and aminoglycosides or other agents interfering with neuromuscular transmission (e.g., curare-like agents) should only be performed with caution because the effect of the botulinum toxin may be potentiated. Use of anticholinergic drugs after administration of DYSPORT may potentiate systemic anticholinergic effects such as blurred vision. The effect of administering different botulinum neurotoxins at the same time or within several months of each other is unknown. Excessive weakness may be exacerbated by another administration of botulinum toxin prior to the resolution of the effects of a previously administered botulinum toxin. Excessive weakness may also be exaggerated by administration of a muscle relaxant before and after administration of DYSPORT.

INDICATIONS

DYSPORT (abobotulinumtoxinA) for injection is indicated for the treatment of:

spasticity in patients 2 years of age and older
cervical dystonia in adults

Please see full Prescribing Information, including BOXED WARNING.

REFERENCES

Dysport® (abobotulinumtoxinA) [Prescribing Information]. Cambridge, MA: Ipsen Biopharmaceuticals, Inc; July 2020.
Data on file. Cambridge, MA; Ipsen Biopharmaceuticals, Inc.
Differential diagnosis for spasticity. NeuroRehabResource.org website. http://www.neurorehabresource.org/Files/NRR_Differential_Diagnosis.pdf. Accessed April 6, 2021.
Esquenazi A, Alfaro A, Ayyoub Z, et al. OnabotulinumtoxinA for lower limb spasticity: Guidance from a Delphi Panel approach. PM R. 2017;9(10):960-968.
Barnes M, Kocer S, Fernandez MM, et al. An international survey of patients living with spasticity. Disabil Rehabil. 2017;39(14):1428-1434.
Delgado MR, Tilton A, Russman B, et al. AbobotulinumtoxinA for equinus foot deformity in cerebral palsy: a randomized controlled trial. Pediatrics. 2016;137(2): doi: 10.1542/peds.2015-2830.
Blitzer E, Benson BE, Guss J. Botulinum Neurotoxin for Head and Neck Disorders. New York, NY. Thieme Medical Publishers, Inc. 2012.
Delgado MR, Tilton A, Carranza-del Rio J, et al. Efficacy and safety of abobotulinumtoxinA for upper limb spasticity in children with cerebral palsy: a randomized repeat-treatment study. Dev Med Child Neurol. 2021;63(5):592-600.
Gracies JM, Brashear A, Jech R, et al. Safety and efficacy of abobotulinumtoxinA for hemiparesis in adults with upper limb spasticity after stroke or traumatic brain injury: a double-blind randomised controlled trial. Lancet Neurol. 2015;14(10):992-1001.
Gracies JM, Esquenazi A, Brashear A, et al. Efficacy and safety of abobotulinumtoxinA in spastic lower limb. Neurology. 2017;89(22):2245-2253
Truong D, Brodsky M, Lew M, et al. Long-term efficacy and safety of botulinum toxin type A (Dysport) in cervical dystonia. Parkinsonism Relat Disord. 2010;16:316-323.
Truong D, Duane D, Jankovic J, et al. Efficacy and safety of botulinum type A toxin (Dysport) in cervical dystonia: results of the first US randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Mov Disord. 2005;20:783-791.